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Case Study:
Pre Construction Train Vibration Assessment

Analysis of train-induced ground vibrations and their effects on building structures using SV 803 and SVAN 958A systems.

Introduction

Impact of Railway Vibration on Nearby Structures

Buildings near railways are exposed to regular vibration that may affect structural integrity and equipment. To assess such risks, vibration monitoring must follow established standards and account for both ground and structural responses. This study focused on evaluating vibrations from passing trains on a building’s foundation slab located 30 meters from the tracks.

Measurement Operator

SVANTEK Consultants

Measurements were performed by SVANTEK specialists using a dual-sensor setup to capture ground and structural vibration levels. Sensors were mounted in soil and on the foundation slab, aligned with DIN 45669-2 recommendations. Measurements were conducted during a break in construction to eliminate external interference and ensure precision.

Challenge

Comparing Vibration Standards and Data Processing Methods in Rail Environments

The key challenge was to evaluate the same train-induced vibration event using four different international standards:

DIN 4150-3 (Germany)
BS 7385-2 (UK)
IEST VC curves (USA)
PN-B-02170 (Poland)

This comparison revealed how different analysis methods (FFT vs. 1/3 octave) and interpretation criteria can lead to opposite conclusions about the same vibration exposure.

Measurement points arranged along the railway tracks

Technology Used

Noise Monitoring System from SVANTEK

SV 803 – Wireless Vibration Monitor

SVAN 958A – 4-Channel Sound & Vibration Meter

SvanPC++ Software

SVAN 958A & SV 803

Expert Insight

Accurate Vibration Assessment Depends on Correct Analysis Methods and Sensor Positioning

“Our findings show that the same vibration can appear harmless or hazardous depending on the standard and data filtering method used. Without accounting for foundation attenuation or using appropriate signal processing, results may mislead engineers or regulators.”

Pawel Wach, Noise and Vibration Expert

DIN 4150-3 event view in Svantek SvanPC++ software

Result

Structural sensor showed lower vibration amplitudes due to foundation attenuation

FFT-based standards (DIN, BS) indicated no structural risk

1/3 octave methods (PN, IEST) classified the same event as potentially hazardous

The study confirmed that method and standard selection critically impact interpretation

Vibration time history at the point A (mounting spike) at the point B (foundation plate)

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Construction vibration monitoring

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Case Study: Pre Construction Train Vibration Assessment